CLASSIFICATION OF CROPS BASED ON (1) USES (2) LIFE CYCLE (3) MORPHOLOGY (WEEK 5)

WEEK 5

TOPIC:     CLASSIFICATION OF CROPS BASED ON (1) USES (2) LIFE CYCLE (3) MORPHOLOGY  

OBJECTIVE

By the end of the lesson, students should (1) Mention the different class on which crop can be classified (2) Give examples of each class based on the classification.

CLASSIFICATION OF CROP

Crops can be classified based on:

1. Their uses
2. Their life span
3. Their morphology

1. Classification of Crops based on their Uses: Crops can be classified based on their uses as:

1. Cereal crops: They are those crops grown mainly for their grains. They are mostly grasses e.g. rice, millets, wheat, barley and maize. They are rich in carbohydrate.
2. Pulse crops (Legumes): They are leguminous crops that are rich in protein e.g. soya beans groundnut, pigeon pea, cowpea etc.
3. Fruit Crops: They are those crops that are rich in vitamins and mineral salts. e.g. orange, grape, mango, paw-paw, banana, avocado pear, pineapple, guava etc.
4. Root and Tuber Crops: They are those crops grown mainly for their root and tuber, they are rich in carbohydrates e.g. cassava, yam, coco yam, lrish potato, sweet potato etc.
5. Vegetable Crops: They are also rich in vitamins and minerals. They may be leafy vegetable or fruit vegetable e.g. tomatoes, okro, water-leaf, spinach, pumpkin, bitter leaf etc.
6. Spices: They are those crops that give flavour to our food e.g. onions, ginger, garlic, pepper etc.
7. Beverage Crops: These are those crops used to make beverages e.g. cocoa, tea, coffee etc
8. Latex Crops: They are those crops that secret latex used by rubber industries to produce rubber materials like plastic containers, tyres, soles of shoes etc.
9. Fibre Crops: They are crops used for making clothing materials, ropes and bags e.g. cotton, sisal, kenaf, hibiscus etc.
10. Oil Crops: They are those crops that can provide oil when processed e.g. oil palm, groundnut, melon, coconut, soybean, cotton etc.

2. Classification of Crops Based on their Life Span

1. Annual Crops: They are crops which grow and mature within one year e.g. melon, maize, rice, wheat, groundnut, cowpea, cotton etc.    
2. Biennial Crops: They are crops which grow and mature within two years e.g. cassava, pepper, ginger etc.
3. Perennial Crops: They are those crops that grow and mature in more than two years. There are two types of perennial crops

1. Woody perennials that live for 3-10years e.g. paw-paw
2. Herbecious Perennials that live 30-80 years e.g. Cocoa, oil palm, mango, orange, rubber etc.
3. Classification of Crops Based on their form or Morphology

There are two classes of crops based or morphology; they are

1. Monocotyledonous crops
2. Dicotyledonous crops

Monocotyledonous Crops: Are those plants that have only one seed leaf with narrow leaf variation e.g. maize, wheat, millet, guinea corn etc.

Dicotyledonous Crops: Are those plant that have two seed leaves with brood leaves e.g. groundnut cowpea, soya bean, pigeon pea etc.

ASSIGNMENT

1. Name the different classification of Crop
2. Give examples of crops classification based of number one above.